Energy–Information Equivalence E = mc2 from Spectral Complexity

Juha Meskanen

June 2026

Abstract

We show that the spectral complexity formalism is consistent with the relativistic energy-mass relation. If the rest-frame oscillation frequency of a massive fermion is identified with its mass (Compton relation), then Erest = M follows from the minimum-complexity worldline theorem, and the full dispersion relation E2 = p2 + M2 follows from the Fourier structure of boosted worldlines. A first-principles derivation of the Compton relation from the bit-counting equation remains an open problem

1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Derivation
3 Numerical Verification
4 Discussion
5 Supplementary Materials

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